漂浮植被作用下河道水流流速沿程变化研究

单钰淇; 桂子钦; 曹辉; 任玉峰; 刘超

doi:10.15961/j.jsuese.202300346

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漂浮植被作用下河道水流流速沿程变化研究

山区河流变化科学 | 更新时间：2025-01-17

- 漂浮植被作用下河道水流流速沿程变化研究
- Predictive Method for the Evolution of Flow Velocity in an Open Channel with a Floating Vegetation
- 工程科学与技术 2025年57卷第1期页码：21-28
- 作者机构：
  
  1.智慧长江与水电科学湖北省重点实验室（中国长江电力股份有限公司），湖北宜昌 443000
  2.四川大学灾后重建与管理学院，四川成都 610065
  3.四川大学山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室，四川成都 610065
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "单钰淇（1988—），女，副研究员，博士. 研究方向：水力学及河流动力学. E-mail：yuqi_shan@qq.com" ]
  研究员，E-mail：liuchaoscu@vip.qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2022YFE0136700）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52179074；52279072）；四川省科技计划资助项目（2022NSFSC0969）；智慧长江与水电科学湖北省重点实验室开放研究基金项目（ZH21020001）
- DOI：10.15961/j.jsuese.202300346
  中图分类号： TV133；TV131
- 收稿日期：2023-05-08，
  
  修回日期：2023-07-27，
  
  网络出版日期：2023-08-07，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-01-20
- 稿件说明：
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单钰淇,桂子钦,曹辉,等.漂浮植被作用下河道水流流速沿程变化研究[J].工程科学与技术,2025,57(1):21–28

Shan Yuqi,Gui Ziqin,Cao Hui,et al.Predictive method for the evolution of flow velocity in an open channel with a floating vegetation[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2025,57(1):21–28
单钰淇,桂子钦,曹辉,等.漂浮植被作用下河道水流流速沿程变化研究[J].工程科学与技术,2025,57(1):21–28 DOI： 10.15961/j.jsuese.202300346.

Shan Yuqi,Gui Ziqin,Cao Hui,et al.Predictive method for the evolution of flow velocity in an open channel with a floating vegetation[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2025,57(1):21–28 DOI： 10.15961/j.jsuese.202300346.

摘要

漂浮植被常见于明渠河道水面。漂浮植被可改变河道水流流速，影响植被吸收营养物效率。本文将漂浮植被作用下的明渠河道沿垂向划分为漂浮植被区和无植被区。在植被阻力作用下，水流进入漂浮植被区后不断调整，流速不断降低，直至水流充分发展后，水流流速稳定不变。将漂浮植被区的水流调整长度定义为漂浮植被前端至水流充分发展处的长度。基于指数衰减函数，建立了漂浮植被区水流流速沿程分布预测方法；在此基础上，联立水流连续方程，提出了漂浮植被下方无植被区的水流流速沿程分布预测方法。所提计算模型结构简单、易于应用，所有输入参数可由水流和植被条件确定。采用已有的试验资料检验计算模型，发现本文模型能够准确预测漂浮植被区和无植被区的流速沿程分布。研究可为河道水环境治理与生态修复提供技术支撑。

Abstract

Floating canopies are often distributed in open channels

altering the flow velocity evolution and affecting the nutrient removal efficiency of floating vegetation. The flow in an open channel with a floating vegetation canopy is vertically divided into the vegetated region and the bare channel. As the flow enters a floating canopy

the flow along the canopy’s leading edge adjusts

and the in-canopy velocity continuously diminishes over the interior adjustment distance

due to vegetation drag. Beyond

(

)

the flow becomes fully developed

and the velocity remains constant. Inside a floating canopy

the interior adjustment distance

is defin

ed as the distance from the canopy’s leading edge to the position where the flow is fully developed. A model based on exponential decay and the flow continuity equation is proposed to predict the longitudinal profiles of streamwise velocities within and below a floating canopy. The proposed model does not include a calibration parameter

and all input parameters can be obtained from flow and vegetation conditions

which is advantageous for its application. Twelve groups of experimental data from various sources are utilized to verify the proposed model. The model accurately predicts the velocity evolution within and below the floating canopy of vegetation. This study proposes a predictive model for the longitudinal profiles of streamwise velocities in an open channel with a floating canopy

providing a theoretical basis for river ecological restoration and water resource management.

关键词

Keywords

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