本文已被：浏览 37次 下载 4次
投稿时间：2021-12-10 修订日期：2022-04-14
投稿时间：2021-12-10 修订日期：2022-04-14
中文摘要: 降水强度及持续时间是引发山洪灾害的重要气象因素，短时间内高强度的降水极易诱发山洪灾害，研究降水因子时空变化是防范及预警山洪灾害的关键环节。为了探索不同时间尺度的降水与局地山洪灾害之间的潜在联系，本文利用2010—2018年稠密的气象自动站逐小时降水观测数据，统计分析了以马贵河小流域为中心的华南丘陵区多尺度降水特征，重点从短时强降水（降水量≥20 mm/h）的角度揭示了诱发该流域山洪灾害的可能降水成因，并分类建立了该区域典型短时强降水事件的天气学概念模型。研究表明：马贵河小流域并非华南丘陵区的年降水、年暴雨高频中心，但短时强降水发生频次较高，强度较大；山洪灾害频发与时间尺度更短的短时强降水关系更为密切，而非普遍关注的暴雨天气过程；该流域的短时强降水具有双峰型分布特征，华南前汛期（4—6月）短时强降水频次与强度略高于后汛期（7—9月），但后汛期午后的峰值频次更为集中；典型短时强降水过程可分为冷式切变型、低空低涡型、偏南急流型和热带气旋型等4种基本类型，不同环流类型的系统配置与环境条件具有明显差异。该成果一方面加深了对华南丘陵区短时强降水与山洪灾害内在联系的科学认识；另一方面，可为当地短时强降水及山洪灾害预报预警提供技术支持。
Abstract:Rainfall intensity and duration are crucial meteorological factors to result in torrents. Intensive rainfall in short duration is very likely to cause torrent disaster. Analyzing the factors of precipitation is the key for torrent disaster prevention and warning. To investigate potential links between multiscale rainfall and localized torrent, by using hourly rainfall observation data from meteorological automatic weather station from 2010 to 2018, this paper statistically analyzed the multiscale rainfall features in hilly region centers around Magui River basin, especially focusing on possible precipitation factors causing local torrent in terms of short duration heavy rainfall (hourly rainfall over 20 mm), and concluded classified conceptual synoptic models on typical short duration heavy rainfall. The main conclusions are as follow: The maximum frequency of annual rainfall or heavy rainfall in South China is not centered on Magui River basin, however, the short duration heavy rainfall in Magui River basin is frequent and intensive. Frequent torrent disaster has closer relationship with short duration heavy rainfall in shorter time scale rather than with heavy rainfall in general concern. Short duration heavy rainfall in this region presented as bimodal peaks. The frequency and intensity of short duration heavy rainfall in pre-summer rainy season (i.e., from April to June) were higher than those in post-summer rainy season (i.e., from July to September). However, the short duration heavy rainfall is mainly concentrated in the afternoon in post-summer rainy season. The short duration heavy rainfall commonly occurs in four basic background types related to cold shear line, low-level vortex, southerly jet, and tropical cyclone, in which the differences were presented in both atmospheric system patterns and environmental conditions. These results help us to better understand the relationships between short duration heavy rainfall and torrent over hilly region in South China, and can be reference for prediction and warning on local short duration heavy rainfall and torrents.
keywords: flash flood induced by rainstorm multiscale rainfall conceptual model hills in South China
文章编号：202101212 中图分类号：P429 文献标志码：
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41930972；41975001；51639007）
作者简介:第一作者：谌芸谌 芸（1969—），女，教授级高级工程师. 研究方向：中尺度气象学. E-mail：chenyun@cma.gov.cn
引用文本：
谌芸,曾智琳,王协康,李晟祺,徐辉,李青,李辉.华南丘陵区马贵河小流域暴雨山洪灾害强降水特征[J].工程科学与技术,2023,55(3):158-164.
CHEN Yun,ZENG Zhilin,WANG Xiekang,LI Shengqi,XU Hui,LI Qing,LI Hui.Characteristics of Torrent-Causing Heavy Rainfalls in Magui Hilly Watershed of South China[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2023,55(3):158-164.
引用文本：
谌芸,曾智琳,王协康,李晟祺,徐辉,李青,李辉.华南丘陵区马贵河小流域暴雨山洪灾害强降水特征[J].工程科学与技术,2023,55(3):158-164.
CHEN Yun,ZENG Zhilin,WANG Xiekang,LI Shengqi,XU Hui,LI Qing,LI Hui.Characteristics of Torrent-Causing Heavy Rainfalls in Magui Hilly Watershed of South China[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2023,55(3):158-164.