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投稿时间：2016-08-01 修订日期：2017-01-05
投稿时间：2016-08-01 修订日期：2017-01-05
中文摘要: 电力电量平衡是电力调度部门进行效益均衡，合理安排电站运行的重要手段。梯级水电站水力联系紧密，经常作为一个整体参与全网电力电量平衡。针对梯级水电站整体参与电力电量平衡后，总负荷在梯级水电站间的协调分配问题，建立梯级水电站短期日总负荷分配模型，为了在负荷分配的过程中同步得到梯级各电站的优化运行方案，提出模型求解的嵌套优化算法，算法以梯级总蓄能最大为外层优化，寻优计算过程中嵌套以发电量最大化为目标的短期优化计算单元为内层优化，外层优化实现了日总负荷在梯级各电站间的合理分配，同时内层优化计算单元实现了各电站优化运行方式的生成。以大渡河大岗山及以下梯级水电站为例选取了典型日进行实例计算，计算结果表明：优化分配方案通过控制性水库的水量调节作用满足日总负荷目标要求，同时其余调节能力较弱的水库日初末水位保持一致，且日内水位变化过程较为合理，有效利用了水库的调节能力；另外梯级各站均无不合理弃水，负荷过程在同一峰平谷时段内平稳，并且满足一定的峰谷比的要求，能为电网制定并下达梯级发电计划提供实用参考。总体来看，本文提出的日总负荷分配模型与嵌套优化计算方法原理简单、易于操作，能够实现梯级电站间水量电量的合理匹配，达到高效利用水能资源的目的。
Abstract:Power and energy balancing is an important measure for electric power dispatching department to balance benefits and allocate generation scheduling of power stations.Due to the mutual influences,cascade hydropower stations are often taken as a group in power and energy balancing.In order to realize rational load allocation of cascade hydropower stations after power and energy balancing,a short-term daily total load optimal allocation model was established, and a nested optimization algorithm was proposed for the purpose of obtaining the daily operation schedule during the load allocation process.The proposed nested optimization algorithm sets the maximal energy storage as the objective in the outer optimization,and nests an inner optimization unit,a short-term optimal dispatching unit in every outer optimal calculating process.The load allocation was realized in the outer optimization layer and the optimal operation schedule was obtained by the inner optimization unit.The Dagangshan and the downstream hydropower stations located in the lower reach of Dadu River were used in a case study,and a typical day was chosen to illustrate the model and the nested optimization algorithm.The results showed that the daily total load was allocated through the regulating function of the key reservoir while the rest of the reservoirs’water level at the beginning of the day was equal to that at the end.The water level fluctuations were reasonable,and the daily regulating capacity was fully used to avoid excessive abandoned water.Besides,the output process of each hydropower station was kept stable within a peak or trough period which satisfied the peak-valley ratio limits,and thus it could provide reference for power dispatching department to develop and issue the power generation schedule.In summary,the daily total load optimal allocation model and the nested optimization algorithm are efficient to allocate total load of cascade hydropower stations,to realize the coordination of water and load,and to achieve efficient use of hydropower resources.
keywords: cascade hydropower stations power and energy balance load allocation short term optimal dispatching nested optimization
文章编号：201600756 中图分类号： 文献标志码：
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2013CB036406-4）;中国清洁发展机制基金赠款资助项目（2013114）
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 李基栋 | 四川大学 水利水电学院 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室 |
| 黄炜斌 | 四川大学 水利水电学院 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室 |
| 湛洋 | 四川大学 水利水电学院 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室 |
| 马光文 | 四川大学 水利水电学院 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室 |
| 刘刚 | 四川川投田湾河开发有限责任公司 |
作者简介:
引用文本：
李基栋,黄炜斌,湛洋,马光文,刘刚.基于嵌套优化的梯级水电站日总负荷分配研究[J].工程科学与技术,2017,49(Z1):59-65.
Li Jidong,Huang Weibin,Zhan Yang,Ma Guangwen,Liu Gang.Optimized Daily Total Load Allocation of Cascade Hydropower Stations Based on Nested Optimization Mechanism[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2017,49(Z1):59-65.
引用文本：
李基栋,黄炜斌,湛洋,马光文,刘刚.基于嵌套优化的梯级水电站日总负荷分配研究[J].工程科学与技术,2017,49(Z1):59-65.
Li Jidong,Huang Weibin,Zhan Yang,Ma Guangwen,Liu Gang.Optimized Daily Total Load Allocation of Cascade Hydropower Stations Based on Nested Optimization Mechanism[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2017,49(Z1):59-65.