Failure Risk Investigation of Transmission Tower-line System Under Sequential Earthquake Considering Input Directionality

LIU Juncai; DONG You

doi:10.12454/j.jsuese.202500178

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Failure Risk Investigation of Transmission Tower-line System Under Sequential Earthquake Considering Input Directionality

更新时间：2025-05-20

- Failure Risk Investigation of Transmission Tower-line System Under Sequential Earthquake Considering Input Directionality
- Advanced Engineering Sciences Pages: 1-11(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  香港理工大学土木及环境工程学系，香港 999077
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12454/j.jsuese.202500178
  CLC： TU352
- Received：16 March 2025，
  
  Revised：30 March 2025，
  
  Published Online：19 May 2025，
- 稿件说明：
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刘俊才,董优.考虑序列地震方向性的输电塔-线体系失效风险研究[J].工程科学与技术,

LIU Juncai,DONG You.Failure Risk Investigation of Transmission Tower-line System Under Sequential Earthquake Considering Input Directionality[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,XXXX,XX(XX):1‒11.
刘俊才,董优.考虑序列地震方向性的输电塔-线体系失效风险研究[J].工程科学与技术, DOI：10.12454/j.jsuese.202500178.

LIU Juncai,DONG You.Failure Risk Investigation of Transmission Tower-line System Under Sequential Earthquake Considering Input Directionality[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,XXXX,XX(XX):1‒11. DOI： 10.12454/j.jsuese.202500178.

摘要

地震动通常以序列形式发生，且具有随机性和多维性；传统仅考虑单一主震不同输入方向的输电线路动力响应规律不能准确反映序列地震方向性的影响，因此有必要开展序列地震不同输入方向激励下输电塔-线体系抗震性能和失效风险水平研究。首先，考虑钢构件非线性力学行为和塔-线复杂耦合效应，建立输电塔-线体系精细化有限元模型；随后在太平洋地震动数据库中选取系列真实主震和相应余震，构建真实主余震序列；根据输电塔震损程度和非线性推覆分析，定义多目标抗震性能状态并量化相应状态阈值；开展主余震序列激励下输电塔-线体系动力响应分析，按照概率需求模型、易损概率和地震风险水平的层次思路，揭示序列地震方向性对输电塔-线体系抗震性能的影响规律。结果表明：相比于单一主震，不同输入方向的余震均会对输电塔-线体系造成额外损伤；随着地震动强度增加，主余震序列和单一主震下输电塔-线体系的易损状态和风险水平差异呈现先增大后减小的趋势，强调考虑序列余震的必要性；此外，序列地震方向性对输电塔-线体系失效风险水平的影响较小，影响程度随着地震动强度增加而逐渐显著；建议当输电塔处于中等或严重破坏状态时，应当考虑序列地震输入方向性的影响。本文以期为主余震序列下输电线路风险评估和性能提升提供参考。

Abstract

Objective

Transmission tower-line structures are representative spatial distribution systems. They typically span hundreds or even thousands of kilometers and inevitably traverse regions with high seismic intensities. Characterized by high flexibility

long spans

and strong nonlinearity

the transmission tower-line system is prone to damage or even collapse ender earthquakes

which can result in regional power outages and substantial economic losses. A substantial amount of historical seismic data has indicated that ground motion generally occurs in the form of sequences

with randomness and multi-dimensional characteristics. Employing only single mainshocks with different input directions to excite the transmission tower-line systems fails to precisely capture the impact of the input directionality of sequential earthquakes on their dynamic responses. Therefore

it is essential to explore the seismic performance and failure risk level of the transmission tower-line system under the excitation of sequential earthquakes from various input directions.

Methods

Firstly

taking into account the intricate tower-line coupling effect

a refined finite element model of the transmission tower-line system is developed using ABAQUS software. A nonlinear hysteretic model is employed to mimic the complex mechanical behavior of steel members

encompassing buckling and post-buckling phenomena

as well as the degradation of strength and stiffness. Subsequently

a series of actual mainshocks and their corresponding aftershocks are chosen from the Pacific ground motion

database to formulate real mainshock-aftershock sequences. In accordance with the earthquake damage degree and nonlinear pushover analysis of the transmission tower

the multi-objective seismic performance states are defined

and the corresponding state limits are quantified. Owing to the symmetrical nature of the two main axes of the transmission tower-line system

this paper opts to analyze the dynamic response of the transmission tower-line system under the excitation of the mainshock-aftershock sequences from five input directions. Based on the hierarchical approach of the probabilistic demand model

fragility probability

and seismic risk level

the influence pattern of sequential seismic directivity on the seismic performance of the transmission tower-line system is uncovered.Results and Discussions　When compared to the inter-segment drift ratios (

SDR

) under single mainshocks

the

SDR

of the transmission tower-line system under sequential earthquakes are larger. This phenomenon indicates that aftershocks cause additional damage to the transmission tower-line system. When the peak ground acceleration (

) increases to 0.6

the

SDR

changes of the transmission tower-line system under single mainshocks and sequential earthquakes are basically consistent. The maximum

SDR

occurs between the second and third segments

suggesting that these two segments are the weak regions of the transmission tower. Regarding the different ground motion input directions considered

16%

50%

and 84% of the quintile incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) curves of the transmission tower-line system are all below the IDA curves for single mainshocks. This indicates that sequential earthquakes with smaller

can lead to larger

ISDR

further highlighting the weakening effect of subsequent aftershocks on the seismic performance of

the transmission tower-line system. For the IDA curve with a 50% quintile value

the

SDR

under a

of 0.6

ranges from 1.3% to 1.9% under different input directions

suggesting that the seismic directionality has certain impacts on the seismic performance of the transmission tower-line system. When single mainshocks with a

of 0.8

are input along the five studied directions

the probabilities of the transmission tower-line system reaching or exceeding the collapse state (

) are 0.60

0.54

0.59

0.53

and 0.55 respectively. For the sequential earthquakes

the corresponding fragility probabilities are 0.74

0.73

0.75

and 0.77 respectively. The fragility probability increases by 41.5%

which implies that subsequent aftershocks exacerbate the damage state of the transmission tower-line system and increase its risk of collapse. Compared to the results under single mainshocks

the annual risk probability curves of the

ISDR

of the transmission tower-line system under different input directions are all higher. The differences between the two annual risk probability curves become more significant as the

SDR

increases. Taking

SDR

=4.0% as an example

the annual risk probability of the transmission tower-line system increases by 0.91%

3.89%

1.83%

3.20%

and 3.70% respectively under sequential earthquakes with input directions of 0

22.5°

45.0°

67.5°

and 90.0°. This further emphasizes that subsequent aftershocks increase the earthquake damage probability of the transmission tower-line system. Compared to single mainshocks

when the input direction is 67.5° and the design reference period is increased from 1 year to 100 years

the risk probability of the transmission tower-line system reaching different performance states increases by 1.28%

2.52%

3.13%

3.62%

and 4.05% respectively.

Moreover

for all performance states

the risk probability curve of earthquake damage of the transmission tower-line system under different input directions shows an arc-shaped pattern

indicating that the input direction has relatively little influence.

Conclusions

In the case where the transmission tower-line system is experiencing slight damage (

)

the variation in the fragility curves across different input directions of ground motions is relatively small. As the performance state shifts from

the discrepancy between the vulnerability curves corresponding to different input directions becomes increasingly pronounced. For all performance states

an input direction of 90.0° proves to be the least favorable input direction. As the earthquake intensity rises

the difference in the risk level of the transmission tower-line system between the mainshock-aftershock sequences and single mainshocks first increases and then decreases. This highlights the necessity of taking subsequent aftershocks into account. It is recommended that the impacts of sequential aftershocks be considered when the transmission tower is in a moderate or severe damage state.

关键词

Keywords

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