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投稿时间：2022-04-11 修订日期：2022-06-27
投稿时间：2022-04-11 修订日期：2022-06-27
中文摘要: 在电力信息物理系统中，负荷重分配（load redistribution，LR）攻击是一种常见的虚假数据注入攻击。而在天然气网与电网耦合紧密的背景下，针对电–气耦合系统（integrated electricity natural gas system，IEGS）的负荷重分配攻击可能会对系统的安全运行造成更严重的影响。因此本文对电-气耦合下的LR攻击展开深入研究。首先，在分析IEGS双侧协同LR攻击作用机理的基础上，研究LR攻击的实施策略。其次，计及连锁故障对电网的影响，以IEGS经济损失最大为目标函数，建立IEGS下LR攻击的损失评估模型，统一度量了不同能源子系统的损失，量化了不同场景下LR攻击对系统安全经济运行的风险，定义了新的节点综合脆弱性评价指标，全面深层次分析IEGS中的高脆弱性节点。再次，对天然气管道流量方程中的非线性项进行线性化处理，将IEGS调度模型转化并添加到攻击者模型中，作为Karush–Kuhn–Tucher（KKT）最优条件，从而将整个模型转换为混合整数线性规划问题。最后，在IEEE 39节点和改进比利时20节点算例系统上，进行了3种LR攻击场景的仿真，验证了3种攻击在不同攻击资源下的攻击效果，分析了系统高脆弱性节点的分布与变化，并给出了针对不同LR攻击形式的系统综合保护策略。实验结果表明，双侧协同LR攻击会对系统造成更严重的损失，但依据本文评估和分析方法采取综合保护策略后，系统损失显著降低。
中文关键词: 电-气耦合系统 双侧协同负荷重分配攻击 节点脆弱性转移 连锁故障
Abstract:Load redistribution (LR) attacks are common false data injection attacks in cyber-physical power systems. Under the background of close coupling between a natural gas network and a power system, the LR attack on the integrated electricity natural gas system (IEGS) may have a more serious impact on the safe operation of the system. Therefore, LR attacks were deeply studied under IEGS in this paper. First, based on the analysis of the mechanism of bilateral coordinated LR attack under IEGS, the implementation strategy of LR attack was studied. Second, considering the impact of cascading failures on the power system and taking the maximum economic loss of the IEGS as the objective function, the loss assessment model of LR attacks under IEGS was established. Meanwhile, the losses of different energy subsystems were measured uniformly, the risks of LR attacks on system security and economic operation under different scenarios were quantified, a new node comprehensive vulnerability evaluation index were defined, and the high vulnerability nodes in the IEGS were assessed comprehensively. Third, the nonlinear constraints in the natural gas pipe flow were linearized. The IEGS scheduling model was converted and added into the attack model as Karush–Kuhn–Tucher (KKT) optimality conditions, thus the whole model is transformed into a mix-integer linear programming. Finally, three LR attack scenarios were simulated on the IEEE 39-bus and the improved Belgium 20-bus system. During the simulation process, the attack effects of the three attacks under different attack resources were verified. Besides, the distribution and change of high vulnerability nodes of the system were analyzed, and the comprehensive protection strategies for different LR attacks were proposed. The experimental results showed that the system suffered more serious losses under bilateral coordinated LR attack. However, after adopting the comprehensive protection strategy based on the evaluation and analysis methods proposed in this paper, the system loss is significantly reduced.
keywords: integrated electricity natural gas system bilateral coordinated LR attack node vulnerability transfer cascading failure
文章编号：202200310 中图分类号：TM731 文献标志码：
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51907097)；四川省科技计划项目（2020JDRC0049)
作者简介:第一作者：周步祥(1965-),男,教授,博士生导师,博士.研究方向:调度自动化、综合能源新技术.E-mail:hiway_scu@126.com;通信作者：臧天磊,副研究员,E-mail:zangtianlei@126.com
引用文本：
周步祥,闵昕玮,臧天磊,张远洪,陈阳,赵雯雯.负荷重分配攻击下电-气系统损失评估与脆弱性分析[J].工程科学与技术,2023,55(1):3-13.
ZHOU Buxiang,MIN Xinwei,ZANG Tianlei,ZHANG Yuanhong,CHEN Yang,ZHAO Wenwen.Loss Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis of an Integrated Electricity Natural Gas System Under Load Redistribution Attack[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2023,55(1):3-13.
引用文本：
周步祥,闵昕玮,臧天磊,张远洪,陈阳,赵雯雯.负荷重分配攻击下电-气系统损失评估与脆弱性分析[J].工程科学与技术,2023,55(1):3-13.
ZHOU Buxiang,MIN Xinwei,ZANG Tianlei,ZHANG Yuanhong,CHEN Yang,ZHAO Wenwen.Loss Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis of an Integrated Electricity Natural Gas System Under Load Redistribution Attack[J].Advanced Engineering Sciences,2023,55(1):3-13.